RC drilling is a method that uses a rotating hammer to break the rock and send the cuttings to the surface through a hollow rod and a compressor. This method is faster and cheaper than diamond drilling, as it can drill up to 300 meters per day and does not require core barrels, drill bits, or water. However, RC drilling has some drawbacks, such as producing contaminated samples due to the cuttings mixing with dust, water, or other materials in the rod or the cyclone; sample loss due to the cuttings being blown away by the wind or washed away by the rain; damage to the rock structure caused by the hammer creating fractures or altering the mineralogy of the rock; and a higher environmental impact from generating more noise, dust, and emissions than diamond drilling.
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The description of RC drilling provided above is accurate. However, there are cases in which RC drilling can go as deep as 1,000m. below surface depending on the terrain conditions. Some of the advantages of RC drilling include faster drilling time, higher sample recovery and less expensive than diamond drilling. Some of the disadvantages of RC drilling include limited to shallower depths than diamond drilling and a coarser sample, which does not provide ideal representation of all the rock qualities being therefore less useful for certain geologic applications.
Diamond drilling is a slower and more expensive method than RC drilling, as it can only drill up to 100 meters per day and requires more equipment, fuel, and water. However, it has some advantages that make it worthwhile. It produces high-quality samples that preserve the original rock structure, texture, and mineralogy. It also provides more information, as the core can be measured, logged, photographed, and tested for various parameters. Furthermore, diamond drilling can reach greater depths of up to 2,000 meters or more depending on the geology and the rig capacity. Additionally, it has a lower environmental impact than RC drilling due to generating less noise, dust, and emissions.
The description of diamond drilling provided above is accurate. However, there are cases in which diamond drilling can go as deep as 3,400m. Like description mentions, some of the advantages of diamond drilling include higher quality samples and capacity to reach greater depths than RC drilling. In addition, diamond drilling is suitable to penetrate hard formations (i.e. igneous and metamorphic rocks), where RC drilling may be ineffective. Some of the disadvantages include slower drilling time, being more expensive and having a lower sample recovery rate than RC drilling.
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It is difficult to determine which drilling method is superior since the answer relies on a variety of factors, such as the purpose and scope of the exploration project, the budget and time constraints, the geology and terrain of the exploration site, and the environmental and social regulations and expectations. Thus, it is essential to assess the pros and cons of RC and diamond drilling in relation to the unique context and objectives of each exploration project, so that you can utilize the most effective combination of methods to attain your desired outcomes.
Agreed with the above description. In summary, RC drilling is generally faster, less expensive, and more suitable for softer formations, while diamond drilling produces higher-quality samples, can reach greater depths, and is more suitable for harder formations. The choice of drilling method will depend on the specific requirements of the project, including the desired depth, formation type, and budget.
In my experience the key benefit of diamond drilling vs. RC drilling is that diamond drilling provides a visual record of the rock mass and can be used to assess the rock conditions through measurement of joint/lithology angles. RC drilling on it's own often does not pick up enough data for geotechnical work.
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